Severidad de maloclusión dental en escolares de 11 a 15 años de edad del cantón Cañar según índice American Board of Orthodontics; Cañar - 2019

Abstract

dolescent dental malocclusion is a problem that has side effects related to the limitation of digestive functions such as chewing and swallowing, which is why it has to do directly with the quality of life of the population. General objective: To determine the severity of dental malocclusion in schoolchildren between 11 and 15 years of age from the Canton Cañar according to the American Board of Orthodontics Index; Cañar - 2020. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study that evaluated a sample of 152 students whose selection criteria corresponded to children between 11 and 15 years old, enrolled in educational centers in the city of Cañar, signing the informed consent and assent, excluding those who were under orthodontic or orthopedic treatment, or who did not collaborate in the data collection process. Results. 152 schoolchildren were evaluated with a male predominance, prevalent age between 12-13 years and indigenous ethnicity; The severity of malocclusions according to the ABO was mild with 77%, the overjet and overbite conditions were within acceptable ranges, the anterior open bite had a 25% presence, as for crowding 36% of the schoolchildren presented it; the occlusion relationship that predominated the most was class I with 67%, without there being statistical significance with sex, age and ethnicity. Conclusions. The severity of dental malocclusion using the ABO index performed with schoolchildren from Canton Cañar was slight, where there was no significant difference in malocclusion between age, sex and ethnicity, where dental class I was the most prevalent.