Características clínico-epidemiológicas de pacientes con tuberculosis. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia is considered an arrhythmia that originates in the upper part of the His-bundle. It represents more than 75% of supraventricular tachycardia episodes not associated with Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome and can occur at any stage of life. Its values range between 150-250 bpm, characterized by sudden onset and abrupt termination. It is associated with different mechanisms, including increased automaticity and reentrant circuits in the atrioventricular junction. For this reason, it is essential to perform a correct anamnesis, evaluate the existing symptomatology, and provide an adequate interpretation of the electrocardiogram. In the absence of hemodynamic instability, vagal maneuvers are the first line of treatment, but various medications, electrical cardioversion, or catheter ablation are also used if necessary. Objective: To determine the management of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the emergency department according to its degree of severity. Methodology: A review of current and high-impact scientific literature was conducted using the PRISMA method, meeting the research objectives. Results: Ten studies were analyzed, of which three mentioned the effectiveness of both adenosine and calcium channel blockers, with a slight variation in adverse effects and drug cost. On the other hand, it was identified that the first-choice treatment is the modified Valsalva maneuvers.