Riesgo de desarrollar epilepsia por convulsión febril en población pediatrica

Abstract

Epilepsy and seizures are a group of neurological diseases, which in the pediatric area have a high incidence in the emergency room, being associated with multiple causes, among them febrile causes. The associated complications can be serious and permanent, which is why it is important to know the pathology, history, management and treatment, in order to refer in a timely manner and to be able to determine the risks of developing epilepsy due to febrile seizures in the pediatric population. Given the prevalence and importance of this pathology in the child population, a review of 300 articles was made in the Scopus, Medline, and Pubmed databases. Scielo and Latindex, of which 36 were selected based on the inclusion criteria to understand the relationship between the occurrence of epilepsy and the population of febrile symptoms in the pediatric population, highlighting the causes of the febrile symptoms, such as possible treatments for the episode epileptic. The results reveal that simple-complex febrile seizures appear in a context of fever predominantly in children between 6 months and 5 years of age, with an estimated risk of 4-15%, therefore the importance of timely assessment for being able to establish preventive treatments by monitoring pediatric patients with fever above 38 degrees Celsius and family history, in the case of pharmacological treatment, results have been observed with the use of diazepam intermittently and the phenobarbital-diazepam combination intermittently, as well as the administration of isolated phenobarbital.