Salud periodontal en niños con síndrome de Down. Revisión bibliográfica.

Abstract

Down syndrome is one of the most frequent chromosomal disorders causing mental disability worldwide. Since their immune system is severely affected by innate and adaptive responses, they are more susceptible to developing periodontal diseases. This complication mainly generates the presence of clinical manifestations such as inflammation, bleeding, recession, and mobility, which, if left untreated, will eventually lead to the loss of periodontal attachment. This review aims to determine periodontal health in children with Down syndrome. A comprehensive search was carried out in Portuguese, Spanish, and English on articles related to periodontal health in children with Down syndrome. The databases included were: SciELO, PubMed, and ClinicalKey. It is concluded with great emphasis, according to the updated literature, that periodontal health in children with Down syndrome is significantly affected due to the presence of local, systemic, and genetic risk factors that cause the onset of periodontal disease, so it is essential to take better care of the oral cavity from an early age.