Fotoprotección sistémica como complemento a la fotoprotección tópica frente a la radiación solar

Abstract

Solar radiation can have significant health benefits; however, constant exposure to solar radiation can generate alterations in the skin and the functioning of the organism. The adverse effects of prolonged and continuous exposure to sunlight constitute a public health problem, especially for vulnerable children and adolescents. It is estimated that ultraviolet radiation accounts for 40% to 50% of cumulative exposure between the ages of 18 and 20 years and is a major risk factor for skin cancer. In this regard, in recent years, several studies have been proposed suggesting the use of oral sunscreens as a complement to topical sun protection. The aim of this work is to demonstrate how oral photoprotection complements topical photoprotection against solar radiation. In this literature review, a total of 32 articles were selected from databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO. Several studies have shown that the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of oral photo protectors can contribute to preventing the chronic adverse effects of solar radiation, such as immunosuppression and skin cancer. Although oral photoprotection does not replace topical photoprotection, when used together, they have a synergistic effect against the adverse effects of solar radiation.