Factores que influyen en la depresión en los adultos mayores: Una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Depression in older adults is a significant health problem that can have a negative impact on quality of life and physical health. Objective: To perform a systematic review of the scientific literature on factors that affect depression in older adults. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method. The databases used were Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, ProQuest, Web Of Science, and Medline, and the application of filters such as articles in English and Spanish from the last five years with keywords and Boolean operators AND and OR. Results: The analysis of 20 articles selected in the literature review showed an overall prevalence of depression of 33.4%. With relation to the factors influencing depression, it was found that the age group older than 85 years presented a higher risk of depression, being more prevalent in the female sex. In addition, those having a low level of education and belonging to lower wealth quintiles are more prone to this health problem. Other related factors were medical morbidities, living alone¸ food insecurity¸ cognitive impairment, and physical limitations. Conclusion: Depression in older adults often goes unnoticed and is inadequately diagnosed and treated, which can have severe consequences for the health and quality of life of these individuals. Keywords: risk factors, depression, older adults.