Deficiencia de glucosa 6 fosfato deshidrogenasa en pacientes pediátricos

Abstract

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency has been evident in millions of people around the world, with a significant prevalence in certain regions of Asia and Africa, and some areas of Latin America and the Caribbean. This deficiency, which is often inherited and linked to the X chromosome, is more common in men. The causes of G6PD deficiency can be divided into two main categories hereditary and acquired. This research aims to determine the G6PD deficiency in pediatric patients, questions were raised such as the prevalence of the deficiency, specific risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures and treatment alternatives. To complete this bibliographic review, an absolute exploration was carried out in several databases, such as Science Direct, Pubmed, Scielo and Dialnet. These results showed that, in pediatric patients, the factors associated with the development of G6PD deficiency were the ingestion of certain legumes such as raw or poorly cooked beans, viral or bacterial infections that generate oxidative stress, and certain medications and oxidant chemicals. The management of this condition is based on prevention, avoiding exposure to triggers, since there is no specific treatment to replace the G6PD enzyme. of blood in patients. Continuous research and the development of genetic therapies offer encouraging perspectives to optimize the quality of life of patients suffering from this pathology.