Factores psicosociales vinculados a conductas alimentarias de riesgo en adolescentes.

Abstract

Introduction. Disordered eating behaviors are practices aimed at reducing body weight; they predominate at an early age, specifically during adolescence, impairing the individual’s quality of life as they are characteristic of eating disorders, whose core symptomatology is shared, sometimes being implicit, such as concern about weight, and other times explicit, such as binge eating. In this context, prompt detection of these behaviors is recommended to prevent future consequences. Objective. This study aimed to analyze the psychosocial factors associated with risky eating behaviors in adolescents. Methodology. A literature review was conducted using a qualitative-descriptive approach, in which scientific literature was consulted in databases such as ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, Springer Nature Link, and Taylor & Francis. The selected studies addressed the research question posed. Results. The evidence from the reviewed literature agreed that the most common risky eating behaviors reported in the selected sample were food restriction and binge eating episodes. Regarding psychosocial variables, the main factors were problematic use of social media, body image dissatisfaction, and the presence of body-shaming comments. Conclusions. The development of disordered eating behaviors during adolescence is closely linked to psychological factors and the sociocultural environment. The results highlighted the importance of addressing this issue from a comprehensive perspective.