Manejo de heridas traumáticas de difícil cicatrización con colgajos microvasculares

Abstract

ntroduction: complex wounds represent a health problem that significantly impairs the patient's quality of life and are not easy to treat, and they can represent a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Among the treatment options are microvascular flaps, with a high success rate. Objectives: to analyze the management of difficult-to-heal traumatic wounds with microvascular flaps. Methodology: a narrative literature review was performed by searching scientific articles published in Spanish and English in the main databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and PubMed, using keywords such as "wound management," "trauma," "treatment," "healing," "microvascular flaps," combined with Boolean operators such as AND, OR, NOT. Results: the overall flap success rate is 90%, the percentage of partial failures is 12.2%, and the percentage of total failures is 6.9%. Flap coverage time varied between 3-30 days. Wound size, infection, and lesion location are unrelated to wound reconstruction failure. Complications include flap infection and flap removal. Conclusions: the use of microvascular flaps is one of the best options for managing complex wounds that are difficult to heal, especially in extremities where amputation is avoided.