Eficacia del propanolol en el tratamiento de la disección aórtica secundaria al Síndrome de Marfán. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Propranolol is a beta-blocker used as a key component in heart conditions due to its effectiveness in reducing oxygen consumption and minimizing the excitatory activity of the myocardium by stabilizing the cardiac cell membrane through its chronotropic, inotropic, and vasodilatory actions. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of propranolol in treating aortic dissections secondary to Marfan Syndrome through a systematic review. Methodology: It was analyzed with a qualitative and descriptive approach within the parameters outlined in the PRISMA 2020 Guidelines. Results: It was revealed that propranolol reduces fluctuations in blood pressure, preventing the progression of aortic dilation diameter and consequent dissection in 47% of the reviewed studies. Forty-two percent of the studies indicate that some patients require personalized management, and 5% of the studies prefer the use of angiotensin enzyme inhibitors. Another 5% explore propranolol usage exclusively before the repair of dissections. Conclusion: In conclusion, propranolol usage serves in the prevention and dilation, as well as in the primary management of dissections and post-vascular surgical repairs.