Conocimientos y actitudes frente a la donación de órganos y tejidos. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Organ donation is the voluntary and disinterested act of donating an organ, tissue, or cell to another person, either during life or after death, becoming a topic of high controversy due to lack of knowledge. Objective: To determine the knowledge level and attitudes toward organ and tissue donation and transplantation in the general population by analyzing the available scientific evidence. Methods: A systematic review study was conducted by searching the literature in digital databases and search engines such as Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, PubMed, and SciELO, using the parameters of the PRISMA statement. Results: Thirty papers were selected for analysis, it was observed the participation of women (86%). Thirty percent (n=9) of the articles reviewed indicated that more than 50% of the population had medium to high knowledge levels on the subject, and 60% (n=18) had a favorable attitude toward organ donation. Conclusions: In several countries, there are legal regulations on organ donation, and the majority respect the opposition or refusal to donate their organs. A medium and high knowledge level is related to the subject, while favorable attitudes denote an increased predisposition to donation.