Eficacia de la terapia cognitivo-conductual en el tratamiento de la anorexia nerviosa en adolescentes: Una revisión sistematizada.

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa is a serious eating disorder that is increasingly affecting adolescents, posing a significant challenge to public health and clinical practice. This disorder has physical repercussions, along with profound psychological and social implications. Given this complexity, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Maudsley Family Therapy (MFT) have emerged as essential interventions in treating adolescents with anorexia nervosa. CBT aims to modify dysfunctional thought patterns and behaviors related to eating and body image. In contrast, MFT actively involves the family, fostering a supportive and collaborative environment throughout the therapeutic process. This systematic review aimed to analyze rigorous scientific studies on the effectiveness of both therapies for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. A search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in nine relevant articles for analysis. The findings demonstrate significant effectiveness for CBT and MFT, not only in reducing symptoms but also in enhancing patients’ overall well-being. In conclusion, both therapies have proven to be effective and complementary approaches, providing important clinical benefits in treating anorexia nervosa in the adolescent population.