Alteraciones de la coagulación en pacientes con COVID19. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Coagulopathies, or disorders in blood clotting processes, have been associated with an increased risk of bleeding and thrombosis. Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus causing COVID-19, has proven to be a significant contributing factor to various pathophysiological alterations, including coagulopathies. These disorders are particularly relevant in severe patients, as they can lead to thromboembolic complications and increased mortality. Objective: To conduct a comprehensive review of coagulopathies in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2022 guidelines, with a review of 885 articles in the Taylor & Francis, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases. Studies were screened and selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 11 articles. The review focused on identifying alterations of coagulation factors, the mechanisms causing the alterations, and the most appropriate pharmacological management to counteract the effects of the virus on the circulatory system. Results: The analysis revealed that in 45% of the cases, D-dimer was the most affected factor among the patients studied. Conclusion: The information obtained from the analysis of the different studies compared with what is stated in different literature agrees with the alteration caused by the pathophysiological mechanisms triggered by the virus that caused COVID-19. Keywords: coagulopathies, COVID-19, D-dimer