Efecto neuroprotector de los inhibidores de cotransportador sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (isglt-2). Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases pose a significant challenge in modern medicine, with a rising prevalence due to the aging population. Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors are widely used medications for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and they have recently garnered attention due to their potential neuroprotective effect. General Objective: Describe the neuroprotective effect of sodium-glucose type 2, aiming to understand its mechanism of action, the current evidence, and possible implications for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted, utilizing a selection of scientific articles from the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria covered studies in English and Spanish, published in the last 6 years, that investigate the neuroprotective effect of sodium-glucose type 2. Results: Sodium-glucose type 2 inhibitors have multiple health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. In studies, these medications have shown potential against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risks. Further research is essential to confirm their efficacy and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusions: This review delved into the potential neuroprotective properties of sodium-glucose type 2, initially used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, in neurodegenerative diseases. While preliminary studies are promising, human clinical trials are needed to confirm their efficacy.