Factores de riesgo biopsicosociales en el dolor psicofisiológico en niños de 5 a 12 años.

Abstract

Introduction: Psychophysiological pain in children is a phenomenon that has a significant impact on their comprehensive health, covering emotional, social and cognitive aspects. Objective: To analyze the biopsychosocial risk factors associated with psychophysiological pain symptoms in children between 5 and 12 years of age. Methodology: A bibliographic study with a qualitative approach and a descriptive scope was conducted. The information search was carried out in scientific databases using specific keywords. A group of 30 studies that met predefined inclusion criteria, such as language, year of publication, and research objectives, were selected and analyzed. Results: Among the main risk factors, adverse experiences in childhood, family conflicts and psychological trauma can be highlighted. The complex interaction between biological, psychological and social elements is related to a significant vulnerability to the development of psychophysiological pain in children. Conclusion: There is an intricate interconnection between biopsychosocial factors, which may confer vulnerability or precipitate the emergence of psychophysiological pain in children. However, the imperative need for longitudinal studies with comparison groups is highlighted to establish stronger causal relationships between these factors and the occurrence of pain.