Causas, consecuencias e intervenciones de enfermería en los trastornos del sueño en adultos mayores. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organization indicates an increase in sleep problems or disorders, especially in older age, which should be more deeply analyzed as a public health issue. Objective: To determine the causes, consequences, and nursing interventions for sleep disorders in older adults. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA method in scientific databases of relevance to identify the causes, consequences, and nursing interventions for sleep disorders in older adults. Results: Sleep disorders are highly prevalent in adults over 65, especially among females, and include difficulties in falling or staying asleep. Lack of companionship for daytime activities can impair sleep quality, while anxiety and depression impact cognition and reduce energy levels for daily activities. Nursing staff apply care based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) Taxonomy by theorist Marjorie Gordon, which includes physical and emotional health activities, such as establishing a bedtime routine, removing stressful situations, and adjusting environmental factors like light, noise, temperature, mattress, and bed to improve sleep. Conclusion: Insomnia is a common condition involving various factors, including physiological issues, comorbidities, and psychological, social, and environmental aspects. Poor sleep quality affects the quality of life in older adults.

Keywords: disorders, sleep, older adult, nursing, cause