Síndrome de fragilidad en adultos mayores con enfermedades neurodegenerativas

Abstract

Frailty Syndrome in older adults with neurodegenerative diseases is considered a medical condition that is divided into two types: the physical one, characterized by the reduction of the force, resistance, and the physiological function what increases the vulnerability of the subjects to develop a greater dependency and/or death. Objective: To analyze the existing literature on Frailty Syndrome in older adults with neurodegenerative diseases. Methodology: A literature review study in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Taylor and Francis, Proquest, Springer, Pubmed, Medline; the selected inclusion criteria were articles in full text, in Spanish and English from the last five years. Results: The prevalence of fragility increases with age, in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson and Alzheimer, in Latin America the prevalence was 8.1%, and in developed countries, 15% to 20% of the total population; the main associated factors were: age-related physiological changes, cognitive impairment, depression. Neurodegenerative diseases are related to the fragility in the older adult population, with an impact on the quality of life, which is why they were admitted into care homes. Conclusions: The Frailty Syndrome varies according to age, gender, living conditions, and refers to a greater relationship with four neurodegenerative diseases: Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia. It affects the human being who suffers it in a variable and complex way; the instruments that are most used for its evaluation are the Freid, Rockwood, and Tilburg phenotypes.