Sindrome multisistémico inflamatorio pediátrico asociado al COVID-19

Abstract

COVID-19 infection in pediatrics manifests with a serious and unusual condition called Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS). In particular, in the syndromic picture caused by COVID-19 in pediatric patients, serious complications are less frequent compared to adult patients. It should be noted that complicated respiratory infections are associated with post-infection MIS with obvious sequelae. In particular, the objective of this bibliographic review was to analyze the behavior of the pediatric SIM associated with COVID-19. A bibliographic search of articles included in the PubMed and Elsevier databases was carried out, in the period 2020-2023. In the initial search, 53 references were identified and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the number was reduced to a total of 39 articles. One of the main points of discussion has centered on the fact that pediatric patients with COVID-19 had fewer hospitalizations compared to adults. However, in the cases that required hospitalization, they presented similar characteristics such as Kawasaki disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome, even being admitted to the ICU. In particular, it is necessary to establish diagnostic and therapeutic measures at an early stage in order to early identify cases of shock that should be admitted to the PICU. In short, multidisciplinary management is essential for its resolution, monitoring and follow-up of this pediatric entity.