Factores de riesgo en enfermedades periodontales con prevalencia de pasteurella multocida, en el refugio "Arca"

Abstract

P. multocitica is one of the most common bacteria found in the oral cavity of domestic animals (dogs and cats). This study considered 50 canines housed at the "Arca" shelter in Cuenca, Ecuador, under similar nutritional (homemade food - pelletized) and environmental conditions. This study was influenced by several external factors beyond those mentioned earlier. The colonization of the P. multocitica bacteria can also be influenced by age, gender, and oral health status. Specifically, if there is a pre-existing gum condition where plaque accumulates, it becomes an ideal environment for this bacterium. Of the 50 gingival samples, 24 canines with P. multocitica were identified. From this point on, all external factors are analyzed. They were divided into two groups based on age. The first group, consisting of puppies (0-24 months), presented 5 cases of P. multocitica. On the other hand, the group of adult dogs (3-7 years old) showed 19 cases. Regarding gender, 30% was represented by males and 18% by females, resulting in a higher affinity of this bacterium for males; however, these data are statistically not very significant. Finally, across the four stages of periodontal disease, differential data was observed in each group, with stage IV showing a higher bacterial load than the baseline group, where a statistical difference was noted (p<0.05).

Keywords: P. multocitica, age, gender, periodontal disease