Polimedicación y Prescripción inadecuada en adultos mayores. Revisión Sistemática

Abstract

Aging implies the possibility of chronic diseases; consequently, there is the consumption of drugs that affect the quality of life and the process of healthy aging; factors like polymedication and inadequate prescription have generated adverse effects in older adults such as increased hospitalizations, risk of falls, decreased cognitive function, and death, among others. Objective: To determine the impact on the quality of life in older adults due to polymedication and inappropriate prescribing through a review of case studies and updated scientific articles, to know the consequences on physical, psychological, and social health and the degree of autonomy. Method: A retrospective, descriptive, and explanatory systematic review of qualitative type was conducted using the PRISMA 2020 Guide, based on scientific articles published in the last five years, in Spanish and English. Results: Eighteen scientific articles were included, each presenting a significant figure of polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing. A negative effect on quality of life (physical, psychological, social, and degree of autonomy) was identified, ranging from mild, moderate, and severe side effects, and can reach hospitalization and, in the worst case, death. Conclusions: Therefore, actions need to be taken in the face of polymedication and the promotion of geriatric appropriate prescribing to avoid adverse effects. Keywords: elderly, quality of life, polymedication, inappropriate prescribing