Diabetes mellitus gestacional como factor asociado a depresión posparto: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and postpartum depression (PPD) are considered public health problems with maternal-infant impact due to the high prevalence rates reported for each condition (15.6% and 19.8%, respectively), with an association found in different studies. This systematic review aimed to analyze all scientific evidence to determine the reported association between GDM and PPD. The bibliographic search was conducted in the biomedical databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify observational studies. It was observed that 17 out of 24 studies, including 8 cohort studies and 9 cross-sectional studies, indicated an association between gestational diabetes mellitus and postpartum depression, with adjusted odd ratios (aORs) ranging from 1.56 to 2.12 with a 95% confidence interval. Therefore, the findings determine that most of the studies analyzed report an association between GDM and PPD; thereby supporting the integration of mental health screening and follow-up care for women with GDM, prioritizing more vulnerable subgroups. Keywords: gestational diabetes mellitus, postpartum depression, risk factor, maternal health