Intervenciones de enfermería en síndrome de colon irritable

Abstract

Introduction: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is one of the gastrointestinal disorders that damage the digestive system, so there is a high prevalence affecting 30% of the world population; likewise, it is a challenge to find timely treatment and diagnosis. Objective: To analyze scientific papers on Nursing Interventions in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Methodology: A descriptive literature review was conducted through a search in databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Redalyc, and ScienceDirect. The following terms were used in a variety of languages: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, associated factors, etiology, treatment, therapy, and nursing interventions. Boolean operator such as “AND” and “OR” were also employed. Results: Studies show that the prevalence of this condition is between 10% and 15%. However, this figure varies in South America, with 21%, and Southeast Asia with 7%. In the therapeutic approach, three levels are proposed: the first is a traditional approach that will alleviate the main symptom, the second consists of the use of some psychotropic drugs and psychological therapies, and the last one involves a modification of the intestinal microbiota with diet, prebiotics, and antibiotics. Conclusion: Regarding the prevalence in Latin America, Venezuela represents 59%, with 14% in women and 5.4% in men. It is known that psychological problems, genetic factors, and unhealthy eating habits have been linked to IBS. The nursing staff provides a space for users to share concerns and fears, employing techniques such as deep breathing and progressive muscle relaxation.