Efectos Neuropsicológicos en los niños a causa de la violencia intrafamiliar.

Abstract

A Domestic violence is a global problem that affects numerous families, causing physical, sexual, and psychological damage. This violence has a particularly harmful impact on children, who can develop neuropsychological disorders that compromise their cognitive, emotional, and social development. These changes, which can manifest as early as childhood and persist into adulthood, can result in behavioral problems and relationship difficulties. The study aims to determine the neuropsychological effects on children victims of this violence. Through bibliographic, descriptive, and qualitative research, the impact of domestic violence on the neuropsychological development of children from 4 to 12 years old was analyzed. The review of scientific literature in Spanish and English made it possible to identify and categorize the effects of this violence. Studies show a relationship between maltreatment and neuropsychological disorders, evidencing deficits in memory, attention, language, executive functions, and motor skills. Furthermore, the impact of abuse is observed in specific brain areas and physiological systems, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, affecting emotional regulation and stress response. Despite the limitations of some studies, the consistency in findings highlights the urgency of early interventions and support for victims.