Autopercepción y estereotipos en la sexualidad del adulto mayor.

Abstract

Sexuality in older adults is often overlooked or undervalued due to cultural, educational, and social prejudices. Studies indicate that stereotypes and self-perception influence older adults' experiences and attitudes toward sexuality. This study aimed to analyze the influence of self-perception and stereotypes on the sexuality of older adults, identifying factors such as age, gender, and beliefs that affect their sexual behavior. A qualitative literature review was conducted, selecting articles published between 2019 and 2024 from academic databases, including PubMed and Web of Science. The results revealed that older adults perceived their sexuality as a relevant aspect of their well-being. However, it was often influenced by prejudices that associated old age with asexuality or lack of sexual interest. Women faced more barriers due to gender roles that restricted the expression of their sexuality. Furthermore, a lack of sexual education and professional support hindered their overall experience of sexuality. These results, as such, underscore the importance of sexuality in old age as a central aspect of good emotional and physical well-being. In conclusion, sexuality in old age remains relevant to the emotional and physical well-being of older adults. However, social stereotypes and a lack of information and support, limit its expression. This study provides theoretical value for creating more effective intervention models and therapeutic approaches according to the needs of this population group.