Medidas de bioseguridad que aplica el personal de enfermería con pacientes hospitalizados Durante la pandemia covid-19. Una revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Biosafety measures are a set of rules and procedures applied to the care of the multidisciplinary healthcare team to counteract physical, chemical, or biological risks. Covid-19 is an infectious respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The coronavirus outbreak has caused a high percentage of contagion all over the world due to a lack of adequate precaution in personal care. Objective: To analyze the biosecurity measures applied by nursing staff with hospitalized patients during the covid-19 pandemic. Methodology: We present a study based on the Prisma method with a qualitative approach, full text both in English and Spanish. Sources like Google Scholar, Scielo, Redalyc, and Scopus were used in this research. Findings: It was possible to carry out the different predominance of studies with the information available in the manuscripts: work experience, suitable training, lack of supplies, inadequate handling of protective clothing, and professional burnout. Conclusions: Health professionals´ conditions when facing a health emergency such as the covid-19 pandemic were affected with a case fatality rate of 3.40%, a value close to the world average of 4.80%. The supplies and other factors instability ended up in health personnel reducing the protective clothing use, as well as the shortage of supplies in health care centers. It is worth indicating that although the personnel have been trained, there is still a need for this training to be continuous as well as the information provided to be put into practice to protect the professionals´ health and avoid further contagion.

Keywords: pandemic, covid-19, biosecurity, care, nursing