Intervenciones de enfermería en pacientes con fibrosis quística en Latinoamérica

Abstract

Introduction: Cystic Fibrosis (CF), is a hereditary disease, caused by mutation of the CFTR gene, which alters normal functions in the exocrine glands, mainly affecting the respiratory system. Currently, life expectancy has increased due to early diagnosis through Primary Health Care (PHC) headed by nursing personnel. Main Objective: To analyze the scientific evidence on cystic fibrosis in Latin America. Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out by searching scientific documents in the databases Science Direct, Scopus, Springer, ProQuest, PubMed, Public Library of Science (PLOS), ResearchGate, and Scielo, in addition, documents from health organizations and the web were included. Results: In Latin America, there are variations in prevalence. The main causative factor of this pathology is genetic, however, there are individual factors that influence survival, on the other hand, the therapeutic approach focuses on improving lung function and avoiding complications, for which nursing interventions are focused on improving the quality of life of both patients and their families. Conclusion: CF continues to be a public health problem, demonstrating that the complications that arise in this pathology not only affect the patient but also the family; likewise, the therapeutic approach allows controlling exacerbations to improve pulmonary function and improve the quality of life of the affected persons, in which nursing personnel plays a fundamental role.