Nefrocalcinosis renal por tuberculosis: Reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction: Nephrocalcinosis is considered rare in clinical practice, and even more so when associated with tuberculosis. It is characterized by the accumulation of calcium in the kidneys, particularly following hematogenous spread of the bacillus. It is usually detected incidentally on imaging studies due to nonspecific symptoms. Treatment must address both the tuberculosis infection and the renal calcifications to prevent complications such as kidney failure. Case Presentation: This is a 56-year-old male patient who presented with nonspecific urinary symptoms, such as pollakiuria, hematuria, and low back pain. The diagnosis was established through laboratory and imaging studies that revealed renal calcifications and lesions consistent with renal tuberculosis. Therapeutic intervention included an antituberculous consolidation-phase regimen and nutritional support, under comprehensive and multidisciplinary management. Conclusion: Through close follow-up and a favorable prognosis focused on controlling recurrences, the patient showed improvement. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and provides relevant evidence for considering renal tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of nephrocalcinosis. To prevent serious complications such as kidney failure, early identification and treatment of the condition are essential.