Lactancia materna exclusiva: Beneficio e importancia

Abstract

lntroduction: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is undoubtedly essential in the development and growth of the newbom, it is a fundamental practice for the benefit not only of the mother and child but also in the sociocultural, economic, and family environment, The loss of this practice has been reduced in Latin America due to a lack of knowledge on the subject and the social influence on breastfeeding. Objective: To analyze through a literature review the importance and the different benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. Methodology: a bibliographic review was carried out through a search of publications, articles or updated scientific works of the last five years in Spanish or English on the subject addressed using keywords that facilitated the search. Results: The components ofbreast milk are beneficial especially for children's weight growth, prevention of diseases such as obesity, atopic dermatitis, digestive infectious diseases, respiratory problems, diarrhea, leukemia, among others. Also, SCI improves maternal bonding, which is important for the reduction of postpartum depression. Maternal benefits are associated with a decrease in the risk of postpartum hemorrhages, anemias, and frequent gynecological cancers. EML prevents dentolabial and maxillofacial malformations, improves the level of neurodevelopment and growth of the intestinal microbiota, prevents infant deaths, and decreases the cost ofhospital stays. Conclusions: The continuance of this practice in infants for at least 6 months contributes to the development, growth, and prevention of diseases that may affect the well-being ofthis population group and their mothers.