Tumor del estroma gastrointestinal maligno epitelioide. Reporte de caso

Abstract

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are uncommon neoplasms arising from the Interstitial cells of Cajal in the digestive system; accounting for 0.1% to 3% of gastrointestinal cancers. They are classified into spindle cell, epithelioid, and mixed subtypes and may present asymptomatically in the early stages of the disease. It is essential in scientific literature to document cases of epithelioid GISTs, as they constitute the second least common subtype and pose diagnostic challenges due to the absence of the characteristic genetic mutation found in gastrointestinal stromal tumors. The following case involves a 56-year-old male patient who presented to the emergency department with symptoms indicative of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. After several diagnostic tests, a gastrointestinal stromal tumor was confirmed. Therefore, surgical excision was performed, followed by adjuvant treatment with Imatinib. The analysis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors aims to help readers understand the rarity and potential aggressiveness of these tumors in the digestive tract. Accurate and timely diagnosis through detailed physical examinations and specific tests such as biopsies is crucial to distinguish these tumors from other similar types. Additionally, the importance of a comprehensive and personalized therapeutic approach for each patient is emphasized, including surgery and the administration of imatinib mesylate in high-risk situations.