Efectividad de los principales tratamientos en pacientes diabéticos con fascitis necrotizante

Abstract

Introduction: The diabetic patient is more prone to suffer any infection concerning to the general population; thus, not only the number of infections is higher but also the severity of these. Therefore, it can lead to necrotizing fasciitis, characterized as a rapidly progressive bacterial infection in soft tissues with a high risk of morbidity. Methods: The structure and guidelines established by PRISMA were followed for the present study. Original articles were included (cohort studies, series of patients, observational studies, clinical cases), in Spanish and English—studies in diabetic people who have suffered from necrotizing fasciitis. The information will be collected from high-level, regional databases and scientific search engines such as Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Google Scholar, and PubMed. The risk of bias analysis was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), which analyzed three categories (selection, comparability, and results). Results: Sixty articles were obtained from the records identified in the search engines. Among these, 16 were identified as duplicates, and 30 were eliminated by screening based on the topic of interest. Through bias selection, two were excluded, leaving 12 for the respective analysis. The bibliographic manager Mendeley was used to store the different articles, and the research questions were analyzed through spreadsheets. Conclusions: Necrotizing fasciitis represents a worldwide public health problem; its diagnosis enables timely intervention and treatment. Risk factors need to be identified for prompt surgical intervention. It is necessary for medical researchers to become more interested in the problem to increase scientific publications, investigate the underlying pathological mechanisms, and develop more effective prevention strategies.