Factores de riesgo en la depresión posparto

Abstract

Postpartum depression is a pathological condition that alters mood, behavior, and temperament and can occur between the second and eighth week after childbirth; in some cases, it can extend up to a year later. Objective: To analyze the risk factors for postpartum depression. Methodology: This is a systematic review based on 53 publications obtained from scientific sources such as Scopus, PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Redalyc, and SciELO. Results: Among the primary risk factors for developing postpartum depression include being under 30 years of age, a history of violence, depression, and abortions, lack of family support, traumatic experiences during childbirth and breastfeeding, economic status, and unplanned pregnancy. Conclusion: In Latin America, Mexico has the highest prevalence of postpartum depression, followed by Peru and Ecuador. It is very noticeable that manifestations such as sadness and crying, anxiety, frustration or guilt, difficulty in falling asleep, and emotional lability are factors that should be immediately considered after childbirth because they may be conditioning factors that trigger postpartum depression.

Keywords: risk factors; depression; postpartum; manifestations; incidence.