Factores de riesgo asociados a la Colangitis Biliar Primaria

Abstract

lntroduction: Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC) is a selective deterioration of BECs in both medium and small bile ducts. This pathology is mainly presented in the female gender between 30 to 60 years old, together with risk factors such as genetics. In most people, it is asymptomatic, but if symptoms are presented, exhaustion and pruritus may be evident. Laboratory tests such as antimitochondrial antibodies and liver enzymes are used to diagnose a person with PBC and can be completed with a liver biopsy. Treatment is based on ursodeoxycholic acid. Objectives: The research aims to determine the risk factors associated with primary biliary cholangitis by reviewing several scientific articles. Methodology: Articles published between 2015 - 2022 were reviewed through scientific pages such as Medline and Scielo, for which an analytical reading was performed. Results: lt was determined that the main factor is genetic. However, only a part is known since studies are required to identify new genes involved. The environmental factors evidenced through studies are tobacco, ITUS, microbiota, pregnancy, contraceptives, Cosmetic Dyes, and autoimmune pathologies, but they depend on the geographical location. Conclusions: The risk factors are not yet fully known due to a lack of information and research, but the most remarkable are genetic and environmental.