Covid-19 en el embarazo y sus complicaciones. Revisón sistemática

Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is an infectious disease with a high mortality rate due to its high virulence and lack of treatment or vaccine. It is essential to determine the potential complications that may occur during gestation, which can affect maternal and fetal well-being, which are the most frequent, at which gestational age they usually appear, and the methods of interrupting pregnancy. General Objective: To know the complications of COVID-19 in pregnant patients. Methods: An exhaustive search was conducted in databases such as Cochrane, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus, to obtain articles with relevant information. Then, the information analysis was performed, selecting some of the studies and eliminating those that did not contain relevant information, duplicates, and with similar results. Finally, the articles were organized according to the year of publication, authors, database, objective, title, and result. Results: The observed complications, in order of frequency, were as follows: miscarriage (32.1%), preterm delivery of less than 37 WG (24.3%), rupture of membranes (20.7%), and intrauterine growth restriction (11.7%). The majority of the deliveries were conducted via cesarean section. Conclusion: Pregnant women are a vulnerable group to the disease, which leads to a considerable risk of presenting complications at any stage of pregnancy, representing a significant risk of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Some risk factors, especially maternal comorbidities, have been identified.