Tabaquismo como factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades cardiovasculares

Abstract

Smoking is considered a chronic addiction that causes millions of deaths per year; it is a modifiable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart and stroke, among the most common conditions with high mortality and morbidity rates. Objective: To determine the type of cardiovascular diseases that can develop from chronic smoking. Methodology: A systematic review of publications in indexed journals, scientific societies, and public and private organizations at local and global levels was conducted, and several sources were consulted using the following keywords: smoking, disease, cardiovascular, and all their possible combinations through logical connectors and and or. Results: In the information search results, SciELO database prevailed with 80% followed by PubMed with 20%; most of the publications are in Spanish and are high-impact journals. A direct relationship between smoking and the development of cardiovascular disease was established regardless of the number of cigarettes consumed per day. Conclusions: Studies found that male and female patients, who are directly or indirectly exposed to tobacco smoke, are more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases, thus doubling the risk of death.