Enfermedad periodontal en pacientes portadores de prótesis parcial removible. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this research was to collect scientific evidence on the possible effects that the presence of a PPR (removable partial denture) may cause on periodontal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic computerized search was carried out in the PubMed, Scielo, Cochrane and Redalyc databases. Keywords and Boolean operators were used to identify relevant publications, with no language or date limit. Of which 54 articles were identified as relevant to the topic. Of these, 40 were on the prevalence of periodontal disease, 14 on the treatment of periodontal diseases present in patients with PPR and 4 original articles referring to considerations on PPR. RESULTS: When a fixed prosthesis is not indicated, the removable partial prosthesis (PPR) may be the treatment of choice for the restoration of partially edentulous ridges. However, although PPR is an alternative to replace missing teeth, it can become a threat to the remaining teeth because it can increase the incidence of cavities, affect the periodontal tissues and increase the amount of forces on the abutment teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The alterations generated in the remaining teeth and oral tissues are attributed to poor oral hygiene, an increase in bacterial plaque and an accumulation of stones. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the negative effects of PPR if adequate oral hygiene measures are carried out, since it has been proven that in patients who are treated regularly with periodic prophylaxis and the introduction of hygiene techniques, the adverse effects are considerably reduced. compared to patients with negative hygiene habits.