Intervención de Enfermería en pacientes adultos con Aneurisma Cerebral

Abstract

Introduction: Cerebral aneurysm is an abnormal dilatation of the arterial wall of blood vessels that is caused by a weakness of the laminar flow of the arteries of the brain. It is considered the second cause of mortality in the population worldwide, representing a health problem for the population. For the study, research questions such as the prevalence of brain aneurysms worldwide, the risk factors associated with the disease, the treatment that should be provided to patients, the complications that may occur during the pathology, and the correct nursing interventions to the patient were raised. Methodology: Comprehensive literature review through scientific databases and institutional pages of the health area, published between 2016-2020. Results: A thorough search was performed obtaining a total of 51 articles, from which 34 were utilized to answer the research questions, as well as 17 articles for the introduction. Conclusion: Worldwide, the prevalence of cerebral aneurysm in European countries is high, whereas a low prevalence is observed in Asian countries which are associated with risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, aortic dissection, among others that trigger cerebral aneurysm; to this end, it is essential that they are treated with a therapeutic approach either surgically or endovascular, taking into account the nursing interventions through the NANDA taxonomy, NOC and NIC and neurological assessment scales to minimize the major complications in patients. Keywords: cerebral aneurysm, prevalence, risk factors, intraoperative complications, nursing care