Efectividad del aceite de onagra en comparación con la vitamina E como coadyuvante en el tratamiento de la mastalgia: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Mastalgia, a common breast pain that affects women's quality of life, leads to the search for effective natural alternatives as a complementary treatment. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of vitamin E versus evening primrose oil as an adjuvant treatment for reducing mastalgia. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines. Open-access articles published within the last 10 years were considered. Searches were performed in the PubMed and Taylor & Francis databases. Twelve studies were included, comprising clinical trials and observational studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB-2 tool for clinical trials and the JBI for observational studies. Results: Both treatments reduced pain. Evening primrose oil alleviated cyclical mastalgia after months of use, while vitamin E also decreased breast pain. In most studies, efficacy was similar, with good tolerance and mild adverse effects. Discussion: Results varied due to methodological differences between studies. Both evening primrose oil and vitamin E showed moderate effectiveness in treating mastalgia and were safe, although they did not consistently outperform placebo. Evening primrose oil requires prolonged use (4-6 months) to achieve better results. Conclusions: Both vitamin E and evening primrose oil are considered safe and effective therapies for moderately reducing breast pain, with vitamin E being slightly more notable in effectiveness. Further studies are recommended to strengthen the findings.