Estudio de la cobertura vegetal y cambio de uso de suelo mediante sistemas de información geográfica en la reserva de biósfera Bosque Seco en el periodo 2010-2020

Abstract

This study analyzed the evolution of vegetation cover and land use in the "Bosque Seco" Biosphere Reserve between 2010 and 2020, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The methodology included thematic mapping and vegetation models, as well as the use of map algebra to develop transition models that identified changes in land use and vegetation. The results showed significant transformations in 31,000 hectares, with the conversion of native forest to agricultural land reflecting human pressure on the ecosystem. There was also a 160% increase in infrastructure areas, evidencing agricultural expansion and urban development. In response, a management and restoration plan was designed for the reserve’s buffer zone, proposing conservation tactics such as reforestation of affected areas, the creation of ecological corridors to preserve biodiversity, and sustainable agricultural practices to reduce impacts. The study provides a detailed analysis of the changes in vegetation cover and land use, establishing a solid foundation for future conservation and sustainability initiatives in the region.