Hidronefrosis fetal más revisión de la literatura: reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction and importance: Fetal hydronephrosis is a congenital pathology that is defined as dilation of the renal pelvis that may include widening of the renal calyces, its incidence is 1% to 2% of pregnant women, it occurs in prenatal patients. and postnatal. The importance lies in its infrequency, its early diagnosis by ultrasound and adequate treatment. Presentation of the case: Primigurous woman, 20 years old, with no significant history, at 28 weeks of pregnancy she goes to the health center, where they perform a routine prenatal ultrasound, observing at the fetal level kidneys with dilatation of the pelvis and ureter with characteristics of significant reflux. vesicoureteral, after that, continued follow-up until 37 weeks of gestation, where bilateral fetal hydronephrosis was evidenced. Discussion: Currently, prenatal ultrasound is the diagnostic method of choice with a sensitivity of 66.7% and a specificity of 77.8% at 32 weeks of gestation, it is also used for monitoring patients, however, there are other diagnostic methods such as MRI and urine carbohydrate antigen 19-9, which are sometimes helpful but not as effective as prenatal ultrasound. Conclusion: The prenatal diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis is important, it allows adequate follow-up, evaluate the patient's condition and take early measures to avoid future complications.