Beneficios del tratamiento dual; farmacológico y psicoterapia en trastornos del neurodesarrollo – Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) affect brain function and structure, persist from infancy to adulthood, and affect approximately 10% of the world's child population. The healthcare field has shown a preference for pharmacological therapy, neglecting psychotherapy that could improve psychosocial aspects and the quality of life. Focusing solely on pharmacotherapy may not adequately address the social and communicative development of the patient. Objective: To determine the efficacy of pharmacological therapy and psychotherapy in treating neurodevelopmental disorders. Methodology: A systematic review based on the PRISMA 2020 statement was performed through a search in the databases Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Taylor & Francis, in the publication period 2018-2023, using the search strategy Neurodevelopmental AND Disorders AND Treatment AND Children. Results: Through the search strategy used, a total of 3038 initial results were obtained, which by screening were obtained 809 final results, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the PICO questions posed and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool, ten articles were selected that met the proposed objectives. Conclusion: The choice of pharmacological treatment or psychotherapy will depend on the specific nature of each neurodevelopmental disorder, considering the efficacy, adverse effects, and individuality of each patient. The implementation of dual therapy in NTs, in our opinion, has more benefits than monotherapy.