Tratamientos psicológicos eficaces para la adicción a la comida

Abstract

Introduction: Food addiction (FA) has emerged as a global public health concern, contributing to comorbidity and mortality across a significant portion of the world's population. The ease of access and impulsivity can predispose individuals to excessive and uncontrolled food consumption, resulting in both psychological and physical complications. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of evidence-based treatments and identify various interventions for food addiction. Methodology: A literature review was conducted with a descriptive qualitative approach. Databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed were utilized, encompassing correlational and descriptive studies, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from January 01, 2013, to October 01, 2023. Results: The evaluation of 7 articles provided insights into the most frequently employed therapies for treating Eating Disorders. It also highlighted the limited information available within the Latin American context, emphasizing the absence of a standardized categorization for this globally impacting disease. Consequently, a lack of a standardized protocol for treatment (AT) was noted, along with the manifestation of comorbidities with other conditions that compromise the overall quality of life. Conclusion: Food addiction constitutes a severe health issue, necessitating the establishment of a specific treatment protocol to facilitate intervention. Presently, cognitive-behavioral therapy, third-generation interventions, and binge-eating programs have demonstrated greater efficacy in addressing food addiction.