Relación Terapéutica del profesional de enfermería en pacientes hospitalizados

Abstract

Introduction: The Therapeutic nurse-patient relationship is executed through communication as the nurse develops direct contact with the patient. Hildegard Peplau, Ida Jean Orlando Pelletero, Joyce Travelbee, Ernestina Wiedenbach, and Imogene King are theorists who support the therapeutic relationship between the health-illness binomial. Objective: To develop a literature review on the therapeutic relationship of nursing professionals with hospitalized patients. Methodology: Fifty-three articles were used in this literature review, which are10 review articles, 40 field articles, 2 Elsevier Books, and 1 CTO Nursing Manual book. Results: Peplau considers that the bases of communication and attitude are the main elements of care; for Orlando, nursing is an individual profession; Travelbee refers to the process of caring for the patient, family, and community to prevent illness and cope with suffering. On the other hand, Wiedenbach mentions that nursing requires knowledge, understanding, empathy, and the ability to initiate a therapeutic relationship with the patient and their environment; King mentions a systems approach where nursing initially focuses on communication and personal/interpersonal interactions. Conclusion: The therapeutic relationship is established through the nurse-patient binomial, in which, according to several theorists, specific abilities and skills must be included to achieve its execution, together with the sum of factors associated with them. It will be essential to establish the relationship mentioned above to benefit the patient's health.