Efectividad de los biomarcadores P16/ Ki 67 en lesiones intraepiteliales escamosas de bajo y alto grado en el cuello uterino

Abstract

Introduction: persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection that leads to the development of cervical cancer, through the search for highly sensitive and specific tools such as p16/ki-67 biomarkers for early detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the P16/Ki-67 biomarkers in low- and high- grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in the cervix. Methodology: it is a systematic review type study. The information was collected from articles published from January 2018 to April 2023, in scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and Taylor and Francis). Finally, 15 were considered for analysis, for which the keywords were used: tumor biomarkers, p16 gene, ki67 antigen, squamous intraepithelial lesions of the cervix, human papilloma virus. In addition, AND, OR, and NOT Boolean operators were used. The PRISMA method was used. Results: Intraepithelial lesions are alterations of the cells of the epithelium of the cervix, if they are not treated they can evolve into cancer, for which different methods have been implemented for their detection, one of them is the efficacy of biomarkers such as p16 /ki67, with a sensitivity of 96.43% and a specificity of 60% in the detection of low and high grade intraepithelial lesions. Conclusion: it has been determined that the p16 and ki-67 biomarkers have better sensitivity and specificity for the detection of low- and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, so it is suggested to use these biomarkers as a complement to the Papanicolaou test.