Ansiedad en pacientes sometidos a intervenciones quirúrgicas odontológicas. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Dental surgery is a surgical procedure that causes anxiety in most people. The purpose of this bibliographic review was to know about the integral management of patients affected by anxiety when undergoing dental surgery. Materials and methods: a bibliographic search of scientific articles was carried out in different digital databases, including articles published from the years 2015 to 2020 and excluding unavailable full text articles, articles containing irrelevant information and articles published prior to the years required. Different online databases were consulted in English and Spanish such as: Scielo, The Lancet, The Journal, Scopus, Web of Science, Clinical Trial. The review was limited to the search for topics related to dental-related anxiety and anxiety in oral surgeries. Results: dental surgery is an invasive procedure that increases the levels of anxiety and fear in patients. Occasionally, it is unknown how the patients will react, since anxiety occurs in different ways. Therefore, a dentist has to be duly prepared to deal with these patients before and after dental surgery. In this literature review, the 20 most relevant articles from the scientific search were chosen and classified according to their etiology, prevalence, signs, symptoms, systemic manifestations, techniques and procedures that reduce dental anxiety in the face of surgical procedures. Conclusions: The comprehensive care on patients with dental anxiety consists in identifying the different sign and symptoms before performing any dental-surgical procedure since different systemic manifestations shall determine the most suitable psychological or pharmacological method to decrease high levels of anxiety and end up with a comfortable dental surgery without complications.