Sensibilidad y especificidad de la hiperuricemia frente a la ecografía Doppler de arterias uterinas como facotor predictor de preeclamsia durante la gestación.Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Preeclampsia complicates between 6% and 8% of pregnancies and is one of the leading causes of maternal-perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in countries with low socioeconomic status. According to Ecuador’s 2020 statistical yearbook, this disorder ranked ninth among the direct causes of maternal mortality, at 14%. General Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of hyperuricemia versus Doppler ultrasound of uterine arteries as a predictive factor for preeclampsia during pregnancy. Methodology: A qualitative systematic review was conducted in English and Spanish of studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, and literature reviews that report on the sensitivity and specificity of hyperuricemia versus Doppler ultrasound of uterine arteries as a predictive factor for preeclampsia during pregnancy from 2018 to 2024. Results: Hyperuricemia during the third trimester has an estimated sensitivity of 76.7% and specificity of 79.6%, while in the second trimester, it has a sensitivity of 78.6% and specificity of 61.6%. Doppler ultrasound has a sensitivity of 47.8% and specificity of 92.1% for detecting early preeclampsia, with a sensitivity of 26.4% and specificity of 93.4% for predicting preeclampsia at any stage. Conclusions: Hyperuricemia has higher sensitivity, while Doppler ultrasound presents better specificity.

Keywords: preeclampsia, hyperuricemia, hypertensive disorder, uric acid