Intervenciones de enfermería en el uso de claves obstétricas

Abstract

Introduction: Obstetric cues are tools that help health personnel to identify and manage emergencies or emergencies of pregnant, parturient, or puerperal women. Objective: To conduct a literature review on nursing interventions in the use of obstetric cues. Methodology: A literature review was performed, utilizing 50 articles from scientific databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Springer, Science Direct, Redalyc, Scielo, Medigraphic, as well as documents from Health Organizations, like the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Guidelines, World Health Organization (WHO) documents and Obstetric Guidelines of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador (MSP), published in the years 2016 to 2021. Results: The highest percentage of obstetric key activation was for the blue key with 41.9% in South America; they are classified according to the severity in red key (obstetric hemorrhage), blue key (hypertensive disorders), and yellow key (sepsis). Obstetric risk factors are age, pathological history; alarm signs are hemorrhage by vaginal delivery or cesarean section, tachycardia, arterial hypertension, and hyperthermia. Conclusions: nursing interventions will depend on the obstetric key that is activated, using the Score MAMA tool, which assesses vital signs, state of consciousness, and proteinuria; the staff should act quickly and accurately in the administration of oxygen, intravenous fluids, management of bleeding manually or with the aid of devices, administration of drugs and control of hourly diuresis, according to the activated key.

Keywords: Postpartum Hemorrhage, Hypertension, Puerperal Infection, Maternal Death, Risk Factors.