Factores de riesgo de hemorragia post parto en pacientes con puerperio inmediato

Abstract

In the field of gynecology, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) during the puerperium is one of the recurrent conditions that can lead to various complications among pregnant mothers to such an extent that it has become a risk factor for mortality, becoming a priority concern in public health. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with postpartum hemorrhage in patients experiencing immediate puerperium in Latin America. A qualitative-descriptive literature review focused on scientific articles from databases such as Scopus, SciELO, Science, and PubMed related to postpartum hemorrhage. The prevalent factors of PPH identified include gestational age, multiparity, uterine atony, placental debris, and hypertensive disorders. The sociodemographic characteristics of the participating patients were women over 30 years old, living in rural areas, married, and with poor educational instruction. Among the actions emphasized for postpartum hemorrhage prevention and nursing care are identifying signs, evaluating physiological changes, and providing early care. Given the high mortality rates caused by postpartum hemorrhages in the immediate puerperium, it is crucial to identify the related risk factors to avoid complications that endanger the physical integrity of pregnant mothers, which leads to urgent attention by nursing staff.