Tratamiento quirúrgico de terceros molares mandibulares con ayuda endoscópica. Revisión de literatura

Abstract

The surgical treatment of third molars is a very common treatment that gives much controversy; it is a planned treatment for various known difficulties, and the eruption or retention of third molars is an important factor to be considered by the professional at the time of planning a surgical intervention. Objective: To review the literature on the surgical treatment of mandibular third molars with endoscopic assistance. Theoretical Framework: The different classifications of mandibular third molars present several important challenges, such as the range of depth and degree of angulation, as well as the space available between the ascending root of the mandible and the distal surface of the second molar. The most common difficulties in the treatment of lower third molar removal are related to the prolonged duration of the osteotomy and the lack of visibility of the surgical site, which can lead to postoperative complications such as surgical site inflammation, patient discomfort, inferior alveolar nerve damage, and possible fractures. The design of optical tools such as endoscopic assistance provides a step forward for their use in non-invasive procedures for the removal of third molars with a low osteotomy, thus preserving the vestibular wall along with a direct view of the area to be treated. Method: In this literature review, in the theoretical foundation phase, the inductive and deductive method was used; this information was obtained from bibliographic reviews that provided the theoretical basis of the research.