Intervención de enfermería en traqueobronquitis asociadas a la ventilación mecánica

Abstract

Introduction: Mechanical ventilation is an infestation in the respiratory tract that causes deaths and morbidity in hospitalized patients. Mechanical ventilation is a therapeutic procedure used in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) that saves thousands of lives but carries potential infection risks. Objective: To determine nursing interventions in tracheobronchitis associated with mechanical ventilation. Methodology: Descriptive bibliographic review study; the articles used were obtained from the following databases: SciELO, Scopus, and PubMed. Results: Among the results obtained, prevalence rates were found in countries such as Spain at 41.2% and 78.9%, Venezuela at 55.1%, and France at 46.4%. Risk factors for contracting this condition include the duration of mechanical ventilation, mainly between 2 to 7 days and 8 to 15 days, stay in ICU between 2 to 9 days and 18 to 25 days most frequently, sinusitis 13%, antibiotic consumption such as fourth-generation cephalosporins and vancomycin, or others; also considering the type of feeding (nasogastric or parenteral tube). Recurrent complications include cardiovascular issues at 29%, followed by kidney complications at 25%. Regarding the components of the Care Bundle, it was identified that, for the most part, head elevation and hand hygiene were mainly fulfilled. Conclusions: Based on the information investigated, it is concluded that nurses mostly comply with the interventions for tracheobronchitis associated with mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients.