Regeneración ósea guiada con dentina autóloga. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and biological effectiveness of autologous dentin as a biomaterial in guided bone regeneration (GBR). A narrative review was conducted including articles published between 2019 and 2025 in major databases. Nine studies were analyzed regarding preparation, clinical application, and outcomes of processed autologous dentin, alone or combined with Platelet-Rich Fibrin (PRF). Findings indicated osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties that promoted bone formation, tissue integration, and volume preservation in post-extraction and peri-implant defects. The addition of PRF enhanced angiogenesis and soft tissue healing. Processing methods such as controlled grinding and partial demineralization with EDTA or hydrochloric acid enable the release of bioactive proteins (BMP-2, FGF-β). Despite its clinical and economic advantages, limitations remain, including lack of standardized protocols and small sample sizes. In conclusion, autologous dentin represents a feasible, safe, and cost-effective alternative to conventional grafts, although further rigorous studies are needed to validate its clinical application in GBR.